It sounds like you've bought a motion control system before constructing the machine it's supposed to work with. It's usually a better idea to do the reverse - build the frame of a machine, with 3 or more sliding axes and some way to move them - either screws or some kind of rack and pinion system - then figure out what's the best way to power it. In the time it takes to build all that, you get time to research the various options in motion control. By the time you've put all that work in, the very cheapest option may no longer seem like the best one.
If you want help getting this "kit" to work, it would help to provide a link to whatever it was that you bought. "CNCV4" doesn't bring up any specific breakout board, and FMD2740C is a fairly generic Chinese driver. You didn't tell us anything about the motor you're trying to run; all the info you can provide about it would also be helpful. It's hard to say what your problem might be, but I doubt it's related to the thickness of your wires. Without knowing more about your particular breakout board, I can't say if it needs a separate low-voltage power input or not. But depending on your particular laptop, it's possible it may not be providing enough power though the USB port, if it is necessary.
Whenever you buy a piece of electronic equipment, what you're really buying is a promise that it will function in the way you expect. When these things are sold without any support whatever, the fulfillment of that promise is entirely your responsibility. If you don't know how to make it work, and the people who sold it to you won't help, what exactly is it that you have purchased?