I have been told by others (with electrical know how) that the reason your motor is blowing is because on an air compressor the motor is already under a load, hence more ware and tare during starting. Running 3 Phase should help you, but I have never heard of making a 3 phase from a single phase. To my knowledge (which is very little) a single phase motor does not have 3 poles. That is why it's called single phase. This conversion can't be done as far as I know.
If I'm wrong about this someone will correct me.